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Maldives Culture - maldives island
Updated: 16 August 2003
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Maldives History – original records, articles and translations

maldives inscribed statue
Introduction
'Any understanding of the modern Maldivian people and their culture must take into account the unique combination of geography and history which is the basis of their national identity'  more

Pre-Islamic period
'Archaeological and linguistic research in the Maldives reveals close links between the islands and mainland kingdoms in nearby southern India and Sri Lanka'  more

Maldive place names from the Buddhist Period
short extracts from Clarence Maloney's 'People of the Maldive Islands'


Coming of Islam
'The official conversion to Islam in 1153, although attributed by Maldivian folk tales to the magical potency of the Quran demonstrated by visiting Islamic holy men, in fact should be seen as a top-level decision in Malé, based on pragmatic economic realities, to align the country with the dominant foreign traders in the Indian Ocean'  more

Mohamed Luthfee – Kurendhoo
'Kurendhoo is famous among Maldivians because the tomb of Sheikh Najeebul Habashee is there. The tomb was built on the very spot where the sheikh died and was buried'  more

The Maldive sultanate
'As a centre of trade and lucrative shipwrecks, the Malé sultanate was considered a prize for pirates and raiders sponsored by covetous kingdoms from India'  more

 
coconut palm
Lazy toddy man wins the ladies and saves feet from the chop
Three Palms Mohamed - an ancient story from Malé and Huvadhu
'King Nasuraddheen once again wrote to the Huvadhu tax collector. This time the letter didn't go into details; it ordered him to Malé without conditions. The king had made up his mind, I'm going to chop off the foot of the man who kicked my brother and me that day'  more

one of vasco da gama's ships
Portuguese at the Maldives
by H.C.P. Bell 1931 (rare document)
'Bringing into one concentrated focus all known references of any moment, or their gist, on the Portuguese at the Maldives occurring in European and Maldivian records. Such references have been made available - and that often but partially up to the present - only in scattered writings more or less difficult of access'  more

Women's influence in Court
by Mohamed Nasheed 1996
'The successor to the king was his eldest sister's eldest son. Evidence for this practice is documented in the Isdu Loamaafaanu, and Raadhavalhi published in 1979 by the National Council for Linguistic and Historical Research'  more


sacred tree
Religious scholars – the beginnings
by Mohamed Nasheed 1996
'The chief judges in a Maldivian king's court were distinct from the rest of the courtiers. They were religious scholars, and their appointment followed a tradition from the pre-Islamic period, when the Vedic religion was practised and monks were included in the king's retinue'  more

The reign of Mohamed, the son of Haaji Ali Thukkalaa 1692-1701
'Then Hassan Thaajuddheen prohibited the employment without pay of free women as if they were slaves, and also prohibited the sale of these people among the elite. Before this, the aristocracy made common people work without payment, and sold them just like slaves. If a slave appealed to Hassan Thaajuddheen, he instructed that the person be released and a symbolic payment be made. If a person was bonded by debt, the accounts were checked and any outstanding debt was paid by the treasury. For the first time in Maldives, Hassan Thaajuddheen declared that the ownership of independent people as slaves, was a forbidden and sinful act.'  more

maathodaa manikfaan grave




Maathodaa Manikfaan
'Hassan had been to India and China, learning a lot of mathematics and astrology as he travelled. Nobody at home in Dhiyamigili was aware of this at first'  more

Curse from the waqf of the Koruveli mosque
Hithadhoo, Addu atoll 1789
'Any of the trustees who spends the income of this mosque without giving the others their share will commit the sins of those who drink intoxicating liquor and eat pork'  more


The Lost Dhivehi Gospels
  early fort william buildings
'The Corresponding Committee of the Bible Society gladly accepted Leyden's offer, and agreed to pay Rs.200 for each Gospel completed, in order to cover expenses. The Dhivehi translation seems to have made very rapid progress'    more

Maldives - British protectorate
'The unique geography of the Maldives combined with its centralised and rigid administration, and Islamic social system, to create an insular and psychologically self-sufficient and defensive Maldivian people'  more

Male' palace, now demolished
The Bank Notes of the Maldives
by Peter Symes and Murray Hanewich
Australia and Canada, 2001

'Most of the buildings are associated with the palace of the Sultan of the Maldives, known as the Court of Eterekoilu. Demolished in 1968, because it was seen as a possible rallying point for royalists, aspects of Eterekoilu have been captured for posterity on these bank notes of the first series'  more

Ali Fulhu goes fishing
'Ali returned and took an incense burner and added some red-hot coals. Then he broke a piece of ambergris and placed it on the embers. Boarding the odi, he recited praises to the Prophet and prayers for wealth and success. He made a fanditha to remove any chance of misfortune on the odi, and they pushed and launched it into the sea.'  more

women maldives 1950s
A group of Maldive women go shopping in the bazaar
'What a joyous, civilised and liberating statement this is. It contains the spirit of freedom. Let there be a tolerant Dhivehi state, thankyou.'  more

Maldive Women fashion changes in time
'Click on thumbnails for larger versions'  more


hassan fareed
The story of 20th century 'famines' in Maldives
'When news arrived in Maldives about the start of the second world war, Hassan Fareed Didi, who was responsible for all matters relating to the war, abandoned the Ministry of the Interior and all the other responsibilities he held. He became a minister of state. Hassan Fareed and his wife, accompanied by twelve guards, left Malé in the royal Fathul Bari ship with sixty thousand silver rupees to buy government rice.'  more

'Maldives under a Cloud of War' - Chapter 11
Mohamed Ameen


mohamed ameen
Mohamed Ameen and the failure of the first republic
'Without any sense of decency, or care and sympathy for the widowed wives and children who had lost fathers among the many men killed, Mohamed Ameen deceived them and misappropriated their rightful property.'  more

shamsuddheen parade to Friday prayer
The early history of the Malé militia
'Malé soldiers were also used to forcibly collect attractive women for the kings' harems. This practice is mentioned by both Buraara and Francois Pyrard, and appears at the climax of the popular Maldive folktale Dhon Hiyala and Ali Fulhu.'  more

Causes of dialect variation in Dhivehi
Historical and Linguistic Survey of Dhivehi - Final Report 1988


Gan Song
'At various times during the twentieth century British forces occupied Addu atoll, particularly Gan island where a huge air and sea military supply depot was established in 1957'  more

Nationalism and historians
extracts from Eric Hobsbawm's 'On History' 1997
'History is the raw material for nationalist or ethnic or fundamentalist ideologies, as poppies are the raw material for heroin addiction'  more